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Q4(xiii):
Which of the following are APs ? If they form an AP, find the common difference $d$ and write three more terms. (xiii) $\sqrt{3}, \sqrt{6}, \sqrt{9}, \sqrt{12}, . . .$

Solution :

Given: A sequence of numbers: $\sqrt{3}, \sqrt{6}, \sqrt{9}, \sqrt{12}, \dots$

To find:
1. Determine if the given sequence forms an Arithmetic Progression (AP).
2. If it forms an AP, find the common difference $d$.
3. Write the next three terms of the sequence.

Step 1: Simplify the terms of the sequence
Let the terms of the sequence be represented by $a_1, a_2, a_3, a_4, \dots$
$a_1 = \sqrt{3}$
$a_2 = \sqrt{6} = \sqrt{2 \times 3} = \sqrt{2} \times \sqrt{3}$
$a_3 = \sqrt{9} = 3$
$a_4 = \sqrt{12} = \sqrt{4 \times 3} = 2\sqrt{3}$

Step 2: Check for a common difference
A sequence is an AP if the difference between consecutive terms ($d = a_{n+1} - a_n$) is constant.
Calculate the difference between the first two terms ($d_1$):
$d_1 = a_2 - a_1 = \sqrt{6} - \sqrt{3}$
$d_1 = \sqrt{3}(\sqrt{2} - 1)$

Calculate the difference between the second and third terms ($d_2$):
$d_2 = a_3 - a_2 = 3 - \sqrt{6}$
$d_2 = \sqrt{3}(\sqrt{3} - \sqrt{2})$

Step 3: Compare the differences
We observe that $d_1 \neq d_2$:
$\sqrt{3}(\sqrt{2} - 1) \approx 1.732(1.414 - 1) = 1.732(0.414) \approx 0.717$
$\sqrt{3}(\sqrt{3} - \sqrt{2}) \approx 1.732(1.732 - 1.414) = 1.732(0.318) \approx 0.551$

[Since the difference between consecutive terms is not constant, the sequence does not satisfy the definition of an Arithmetic Progression.]

Step 4: Conclusion
Because the common difference $d$ is not constant throughout the sequence, the given list of numbers does not form an Arithmetic Progression.

Final Answer: The given sequence $\sqrt{3}, \sqrt{6}, \sqrt{9}, \sqrt{12}, \dots$ does not form an AP because the difference between consecutive terms is not constant.


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