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Q12:
To warn ships for underwater rocks, a lighthouse spreads a red coloured light over a sector of angle 80° to a distance of 16.5 km. Find the area of the sea over which the ships are warned. (Use $\pi = 3.14$)

Solution :

Given:

  • The angle of the sector, $\theta = 80^\circ$.
  • The radius of the sector (distance to which the light spreads), $r = 16.5 \text{ km}$.
  • The value of $\pi = 3.14$.

To Find:

The area of the sea over which the ships are warned, which is equivalent to the area of the sector formed by the lighthouse light.

O r = 16.5 km 80°

Step 1: State the Formula for the Area of a Sector

The area of a sector of a circle with radius $r$ and central angle $\theta$ (in degrees) is given by the formula:

$\text{Area of Sector} = \frac{\theta}{360^\circ} \times \pi r^2$

Step 2: Substitute the Given Values into the Formula

Substitute $\theta = 80^\circ$, $r = 16.5 \text{ km}$, and $\pi = 3.14$ into the equation:

$\text{Area} = \frac{80}{360} \times 3.14 \times (16.5)^2$

Step 3: Simplify the Fraction and Calculate the Square

First, simplify the fraction $\frac{80}{360}$:

$\frac{80}{360} = \frac{8}{36} = \frac{2}{9}$

Next, calculate $(16.5)^2$:

$16.5 \times 16.5 = 272.25$

Step 4: Perform the Final Multiplication

Now, substitute these values back into the expression:

$\text{Area} = \frac{2}{9} \times 3.14 \times 272.25$

Multiply $3.14$ by $272.25$:

$3.14 \times 272.25 = 854.865$

Now, multiply by $\frac{2}{9}$:

$\text{Area} = \frac{2 \times 854.865}{9}$

$\text{Area} = \frac{1709.73}{9}$

$\text{Area} = 189.97 \text{ km}^2$

Final Answer: The area of the sea over which the ships are warned is 189.97 km².


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